本文從我國近年毒品犯罪變化的趨勢出發，首先簡要的解釋了為何毒品處遇制度在此刻是毒品政策上重要的議題同時一方面回顧我國毒品處遇制度的發展脈絡，另一方面以權力的視角切入發展過程中各種論述與折衝背後所隱含的權力面貌。通過對於現況制度所蘊含的權力面貌的辨認與挑戰，本文得以指出一種截然不同於現況的處遇制度的可能性。新的處遇制度立基於異質性公共、人本中心主義與少年 事件處理法精神之上而得以建構其雛形，並同時許諾對於差異者的主體性的尊重。然而由於民間在長期的政策發展中，已經對施用毒品產生了根深蒂固的負面情感，這加劇了改變制度的困難度。對此，本文以同性婚姻合法化的前後社會氛圍變化作為一個示例，展示若政治工作者願意積極推動制度改革，修改後的制度有機會發揮調節民意的作用，進一步推動相關制度的變革。

關鍵詞：施用毒品、處遇制度、減害、差異政治、個人中心、少事法

　This article begins by examining recent trends in drug-related crime in Taiwan, offering a brief explanation of why the current drug treatment system has become a critical issue in drug policy. On the one hand, it reviews the historical development of Taiwan’s drug treatment system, while on the other, it adopts a power perspective to explore the power dynamics underlying the various discourses and compromises throughout this process. By identifying and challenging the power structures embedded in the current system, the article proposes the possibility of an alternative treatment model.
　　This new treatment model is built on the principles of heterogeneous public ideals, person-centered humanism, and the spirit of the Juvenile Delinquency Act, emphasizing respect for the agency of those who differ from the norm. However, due to the deep-seated negative sentiments towards drug use that have developed over the years of policy implementation, reforming the system faces significant challenges. To address this, the article draws on the example of the societal shifts surrounding the legalization of same-sex marriage in Taiwan, demonstrating that if political actors are willing to proactively promote institutional reforms, the revised system can, in turn, influence public opinion, thereby facilitating further policy transformation.

Keywords: Drug Use, Treatment System, Harm Reduction, Differential Politics, Person-Centered, Juvenile Justice Law