以犯罪心理學理論為本研究架構，探討非行青年的個人屬性、個人對自尊、認知及在負向情緒上與一般青年的差異情形，並建立對服役青年產生非行行為的危險因子，期降低非行行為的發生率及提供輔導策略。研究方法：研究對象為服役中違反替代役役男獎懲辦法接受輔導教育等非行青年106人及一般青年147人，採問卷調查法，以Buss-Durkee敵意量表、狀態－特質焦慮量表、貝克憂鬱量表及Battle的自尊量表作為研究工具。研究結果：非行青年的教育程度較低、有較多的暴力行為、犯罪紀錄及前科次數；社會自尊較低，顯示其自我價值感及社會互動不佳；狀態焦慮較低、憂鬱程度較高，近半數有輕度憂鬱程度以上，且較具敵意及反抗性。依據教育程度、犯罪紀錄、敵意、懲罰紀錄、社會自尊、攻擊性、憂鬱及疑心等變項可區辨93.7%非行青年，結果僅具區辨解釋性，尚不足以應用於預測未來個體。研究結論：本研究結果將可作為輔導的調整因子，並作為委託專業諮商輔導機構實施心理衛生教育的輔導策略。

關鍵詞：非行青年、焦慮、憂鬱、敵意、自尊

Purpose: Guided by criminal psychology theories, this study explored the differences between deviant youths and ordinary youths in terms of personal attributes, self-esteem, cognition, and negative emotional states, and further identified the risk factors contributing to delinquent behaviors among conscripted youths. The ultimate aim was to reduce the incidence of delinquency and to provide counseling strategies.

Methods: Participants included 106 deviant youths who violated the regulations of alternative military service and received counseling education, and 147 ordinary youths. Data were collected through questionnaires, employing the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory(BDHI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), The Beck Inventory (BDI-II), and Battle's Self-Esteem Scale as research instruments.

Results: Deviant youths were found to have lower educational attainment, more violent behaviors, a higher number of criminal records, and more prior convictions. They also exhibited significantly lower levels of social self-esteem, suggesting poorer self-worth and social interactions. In addition, deviant youths reported lower levels of state anxiety but higher levels of depression, with nearly half experiencing at least mild depression. They also displayed stronger hostility and resistance. Based on variables such as educational level, criminal record, hostility, disciplinary/punishment record, social self-esteem, aggressiveness, depression, and suspiciousness, 93.7% of participants into deviant or ordinary youth groups can be distinguished. The results are discriminative and explanatory only and are insufficient for predicting future individuals.

Conclusions: The findings provide important adjustment factors for counseling interventions and serve as a basis for entrusting professional counseling institutions to implement mental health education strategies for deviant youths.

Keywords: deviant youths, anxiety, depression, hostility, self-esteem